Tuesday 5 November 2013

Biomimetic dentistry…

Dentistry has really evolved in these recent years. The new era is the era of adhesive dentistry. The conventional dental techniques that were used in the earlier days are no more relevant. Newer and better techniques employ the principles of adhesion.

The treatment of caries involves the preparation of a cavity followed by restoration with a biocompatible dental filling. Dental caries cause severe destruction of the tooth. The bacteria are responsible for dental caries. They cause decalcification of the tooth structure and minute cracks develop that allow more and more bacteria to seep into the tooth. These cracks make way for debris to enter the tooth and infect it further. In the process of dental caries progression, the enamel demineralizes which is followed by dentin and finally pulp. Once the infection reaches the pulp complex it rapidly spreads in to blood vessels and tiisue and destroys the nerves of the tooth. The pulpodentinal complex is very intricate and greatly favours the rapid spread of bacteria in the system. The root canals narrow and very intricate structures and allow rapid bacterial multiplication and survival. The result is tooth damage that may be localised in the early stages but if allowed to remain unchecked causes greater tooth structure loss. Biomimetic Dentistry New York.

The lost portions of the tooth structure have to be restored completely so that function may be maintained and appearance is also not compromised. During cavity preparation all the decayed portions and debris are removed. The cavity is made sterile by proper disinfection and filled with a material that mimics the tooth completely.

Many types of materials are available that can be filled in the cavity. Earlier silver amalgam was popular cavity filling material. The silver alloy was mixed with mercury to form a hard mass that was compacted in to the cavity and then further shaping of the filling was done to restore for. The material had the advantage of adequate strength but totally lacked aesthetic features and the filled tooth looked very dark in colour. Also excessive tooth cutting is required to fix the filling in the tooth. Extra retentive characters like pins, slots and seats need to be prepared to retain the silver fillings in the tooth.

When tooth is cut precious tooth structure is lost while cavity preparation. The loss of natural tooth portion is highly detrimental. It compromises tooth strength and increases chances of fracture.

Adhesive fillings require minimal tooth preparation and interlock into the tooth structure completely. A strong bond is developed at the tooth and filling junction so that it remains in to the cavity. The adhesive materials are composite that have resins alongwith fillers to impart strength.

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